Well pump



June 23, 1925,

J. A. BAKER l WELL PUMP Filed March 24, 1923 Patented .lune 23, 1925.

i lvlllll'llED STATES JOHN A. BAKER, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

WELL PUMP.

Application led March 24, 1923. Serial No. 627,298.

This invention has lto dowith pumps et' uit varietyA ordinarily known as well ps; although from the following speciion and description ot a typical 'orm ot ce it will be readily understood that my nt pump is not necessarily restricted in pumping wells, although that is the use to which it is put. I l rire are many objects and corresponding features ot accomplishment of the invention, as will be best understood from a consideration ol the following description of a preferred and specinc form of pump that einbodies, and is illustrative ot, the invention. Accordingly, l will not make any preliminary statement ot the objects and `features of the invention but will leave those. to be gathered from the following detailed description of the device and ot its features ot operation.

Accordingly, l refer to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section showing a preferred 'form of my improved pump;

F ig. 2 is anenlarged cross section on line 2--2 oit ll'ig. 1; and 1 Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central section of tlie plunger portion ot the pump. n

ln these drawings l show at the stationary pump barrel that has upper and lower heads 11 and 12 adapted, respectively, to connect the punp barrel to the well tub ing and to the pipe 13 that entends on down below the pump barrel proper. This pipe 13 carries at its lower end a member 14 having a seat 15 in which the standing valve 16 is seated. Below the standing valve there may also extend the usual suction pipe 17.

The heads 11 and 12 confine between them the. sectional barrel liner that is made up of sections 1S preferably joined at their ends by the shouldered oints shown at 19. These joints keep the eotions in proper alinenient, so that the interior bores of the liner sections from a single smooth interior bore extending the whole length or" the barrel liner. These sections are held together endwise by the heads 11 and 12; and they pret erably clear the inside of barrel 10 at all points, so that no irregularity of the interior oi the barrel 10 will disturb the perfect alinement of the barrel liner.

rlhe pump plunger is made up in a peculiar manner, so that a longitudinal pull on the plunger is first transmitted down through the interior part of the plunger to its lower end, and then upwardly 'from the lower end through the outer or lighter part ol' the plungerand its packngs. The plunger has an interior hollow plunger body 2O to the upper end of which is attached the valve cage member 2l.V This valve cage member is preferably screwed onto the upper end of the plunger as shown at 22 and it confines between itselfan'd the upper end ot plunger body the valve seat 23. The valve 2d plays in the cage above seat T he upper end of the valve cage member 21 is adapted lor attachment to the pump rod 25. For instance, it is provided withr a threat ed pin 26 that engages the usual socket at the lower end ofthe pump rod. The pump rod thus acts directly on the valve cage member 21; which member forms, in effect, an upward extension of plunger body 20. The threaded connection Vat 22 is strong enough vto withstand all strains to transmit the upward pull directly to the plunger body. The exterior surface ot valve cage member '21, is, like that of the plunger body,

cylindrical; and is of the same size as the exterior oic the Aplunger body. At the lower end olf'the plunger body 20 is attached a lower wiper shoe 30, being threaded onto the plunger bodyas shown at 31 with threads ot sulhcient strength to transmitrthe pull from the plunger body to this wiper shoe. This 31 wifL er shoe has a downwardly yextending petticoat 31a with a relatively sharp lower edge that is'adapted to wipe sand or any other accumulation from the interior wall of the barrel liner, and thus keep thebarrel liner clean. Also this shoe is provided with a spider 32 that 'forms a support for an eyebolt 33 to which a flexible connection 34 (shown in the form of a chain) is connected, the lower end of the flexible connector being attached -at 35 to the upper end ol' a standing valve 16. The standing valvemay be of any of the usual types; the only peculiarity I here illustrate is that the standing valve has an enlarged head or flange at its upper end as shown at 3o, this flange having an external diameter ery nearly as large as the internal Gia diameter of pipe 13, so that the small clearance at this point will more or less prevent sane from settling down around the standing valve. The velocity of the oil passing upwardly through the comparatively small clearance space also tend-s to carry the sand up away from the standing valve.

The wiper shoe has an external diameter larger than plunger body 20; and the shoe is intended to fit closely, but slidably, in the internal bore of the barrel liner. At this shoe has a shoulder upon which a body of expansive packing 41 rests. The shoulder 40 is, in effect, an annular abutment projecting from the internal body and 'is preferably inclined so that vertical compression of the packing will more readily cause its radial expansion. Then above the packing body 4l, and mounted around plunger body 20, there is a plunger liner that is made up of a plurality of liner sections 42. rlhese liner sections fit more or less closely to the exterior of the plunger body, and their ends may be joined on the diagonal or conical jointsurfaces as shown at 43. The uppermost one of these plunger liner sections has at its upper end a con'ical end surface 44 on which another body of expansible packing 45 rests. On this upper body of packing 45 the upper wiper shoe 46 rests, the lower end of this shoe also having a diagonal or conical surface adapted to cause, with the action of the upper end surface 44 of the plunger liner, radial expansion of packing 45 by virtue of longitudinal compression. The interior bore of shoe 46 at its upper end is tapered as shown at 46LL to make a relatively sharp edge at the upper end of the wiper shoe; and, further, the upper end of valve cage 21 has a corresponding tapered expanded part 52,1a that fits in the tapered bore 46a and thus prevents the wiper shoe 46 from moving'upwardly off the plunger. rllhis interengagement between shoe 46 and the valve cage member is intended only to hold the various parts in place; it is not intended primarily for the purpose of expanding packings 4l and 45 except to obtain their initial expansion when the plunger is first put into the barrel. lNhen the parts are assembled, the packing 41 may be first put in place against lower shoe 30, then the several plunger liner sections 42 are slipped into place, then packing 45 put into place and the shoe 46 put into place; the valve cage 21 being screwed down into place to hold upper shoe 46 and all the other parts 'in place. rlhe upper and lower shoes form, in effect, extensions of the plunger liner; being of the same external diameter.

When the pump is in operation the upward pull of pump rod 25 is transmitted through valve cage 21 and plunger body 2O to the lower shoe 30. lt will be understood from the foregoing description that the packings and the plunger liner and the upper shoe 46 are supported from below on lower shoe 30. Pressure of the oil, standing in the tubing above the pump, pressing down on shoe 46, tends to move that shoe downwardly and to longitudinally compress packing 45 and tends likewise to move the plunger liner sections downwardly on the plunger body and to compress longitudinally the packing 4l. Consequently, both packings are expanded radially directly in proportion to the amount of liquid pressure on the packings; and the packings are therefore kept in condition effectively to seal the pump, regardless of what the liquid pressure may be.

Furthermore, (and this actionl is true of the device regardless of whether expansible packings 41 and 45 are used) it will be seen that no longitudinal tension is put on the plunger liner. lWhatever strain is put on the plunger liner is a. strain of compression; and therefore the plunger liner, supported as it is at its lower end, may be made in sections rather than in a single long piece. It s therefore capable of being made more accurate as to both thickness and concentricity of its inner and outer surfaces; and is not at all subjected to those longitudinal strains Y that might in many `instances strain the plunger out of its true and straight cylindrical form. And this last is true whether or not the liner is made in sections. Furthermore, the liner may be made to fit the plunger body somewhat loosely (to the extent, say, of an easy t) so that any deviation from trueness in the body will not effec the trueness of the liner.

Having described a preferred form of my invention, l claim:

1. ln a pump plunger' adapted to be reciprocated through a barrel, an internal plunger body having a pump rod conne-ction at its upper end, a non-expansible surrounding liner for the plunger having frictional engagement with the barrel and being supported on the plunger body at its lower end, said liner being of relatively easy fit and movable longitudinally on the body, and means at the upper end of the plunger body to limit upward movement of the liner on the body.

2. In a pump, plunger made up of an internal plunger body having a pump rod connection at its upper end, and a surrounding liner for the. plunger supported on the plunger body at its lower end, said liner being composed of a plurality of endwise abutting and non-expansible liner sections, said sections being of relatively easy fit and movable longitudinally on the body; and means at the upper end of the plunger body to limit upward movement of the liner on the body.

ln a pump, a plunger comprising an llO internal body adapted at its upper end for connection with a pump rod, the body having an exterior upwardly acing shoulder near its lower end, an expansive packing resting on said shoulde a plunger liner surrounding the body and resting at the lower end on said packing, said liner being movable longitudinally on the body.

Il. In a pump, a plunger comprising an internal body adapted at its upper enc. for connection with a pump rod, the body having an exterior upwardly facing shoulder near its lower end, an expansive packing resting on said shoulc er, a plunger liner surrounding the body and resting at the lower end on said packing, said liner being movable longitudinally on the body; another e-pansible packing surrounding the body and resting on the upper end of the liner, and a shoe surrounding the body above and resting on the second mentioned packing.

In a pump, a plunger having an internal body with a shoe at its lower end presenting an upwardly facing shoulder eX- ternal oit the plunger body, and a plunger liner surrounding the plunger body and resting at its lower end on said shoulder, said shoe having a downwardly extending petticoat with a relatively sharp lower edge to wipe sand or the like oli the wall of a barrel in which the plunger operates.

6. In a pump, a plunger having an internal plunger body with a shoe at its lower end, said shoe presenting` an upwardly acing shoulder external of the body, an eX- pansible packing surrounding the body and resting on said shoulder, an exterior plunger liner surrounding the body and resting on its lower end on said packing, and means to limit upward movement of the liner on the plunger body.

7. In a pump, a plunger having an internal plunger body with a shoe at its lower end, said shoe presenting an upwardly facing shoulder external of the body, an expansible packing surrounding the body and resting on said shoulder, an exterior plunger liner surrounding the body and resting on its lower end on said packing, a valve cage mounted at the upper end of the interior plunger body, and means to limit upward movement of the liner on the plunger body embodying a shoulder on the valve cage.

8. In a pump, a plunger having an internal plunger body with a shoe at its lower end, said shoe presenting an upwardly :tacing shoulder external of Vthe body, an pansible packing surrounding the body and resting on said shoulder, an exterior plunger liner surrounding the body and resting on its lower end on said packing, an upper expansible packing surrounding the plunger body and resting on the upper end of the plunger liner, an upper shoe surround-A ing the plunger vbody and resting on said upper packing, Said shoe having a relatively sharp upper edge, and a valvecage mounted on the upper end of the plunger body and engaging said uppershoe to limit upward movement with reference to the plunger body.

9. In a pump, a plunger adapted to be reciprocated through a barrel and made up of an internal plunger body having a pump yrod connection at its upper end, a loosely surrounding, non-expansible liner for the body, said liner having frictional engagement with the barrel; and means at the upper and lower end of the plunger body adapted to coact with the liner in a manner to limit relative longitudinal movement of the liner and plunger body.

l0. In a pump, a plunger adapted to be reciprocated through a body of liquid within a barrel, said plunger including an internal plungerl body, an abutment on the lower end of the plunger body, a surrounding liner for the plunger and longitudinally movable with respect thereto,- said liner having 'Jtrictional engagement with the barrel and comprising a plurality oit liner sections in end to end relation, and expansible packing between the ends of two adjacent liner sections; the lowermost liner section being limited in its downward movement by coaction with said abutment, and the upper end of the uppermost liner section being eX- posed to the liquid above it.

ll. In a pump, a plunger adapted to be reciprocated through a body'o liquid within a barrel, said plunger including an internal plunger body, an abutment on the lower end of the plunger body, a surrounding liner for the plunger and longitudinally movable with respect thereto, said liner having frictionall engagement with the barrel and being composed of a plurality of liner sections in end to end relation, eXpansible packing between the ends of two adjacent liner sections.; the lowermost liner section being limited in its downward movement by coaction with said abutment, and the upper end of the uppermost liner section being exposed to the liquid above it, and means to limit upward movement of the liner sections on the plunger body.

l2. In a pump, a plunger madev up of an internal plunger body, a valve cage mounted at the upper end of the body, and a surrounding liner 'for the plunger supported on the plunger body near' its lower end and eX- tending upwardly about said valve cage.

13. In a pump, a plunger made up of an internal plunger body, a valve cage mounted at the upper end of the body and having a pump rod connection, a surrounding liner for the plunger supported on the plunger body near its lower end and extending upwardly about said valve cage, and coacting means on the valve Cage and liner to limit upward movement of the liner on the plunger body.

let. In a pump, a plunger made up of an internal plunger body, a valve cage mounted at the upper end oi the body' and having a pump rod connection, a surrounding liner for the plunger supported on the plunger body near its lower end and extending upwardly about said valve cage, and coaeting means on the valve cage and liner to limit upward movement of the liner on the plunger body, said means comprising complementary tapered portions on the exterior of the valve Cage and on the interior of the liner.

15. ln a pump, a plunger adapted to be reeiproeated through a barrel and having an internal plunger body, an abutment on the lower end of the plunger, an eXpansible packing surrounding the plunger body and resting on the abutment, and a plunger liner surrounding the plunger body and resting on the paelring, said liner being longitudinally movable on the body and rietionally engaging the pump barrel whereby, during upward movement of the plunger, the liner moves downward relative to the body in a manner to longitudinally Compress and radially expand the packing.

16. In a pump, a plunger adapted to be reeiprooeted tl'irough a body of liquid, said plunger including an internal body adapted at its upper end for Connection with a pump rod, a surrounding liner for the plunger supperted on the plunger body at its lower end, said liner being movable longitudinally on the body, an expansible packing surrounding the body and in Contact with the peripheral face thereof7 said packing resting en the upper end of the liner and a rigid shoe surrounding the body above and resting on the packing, said shoe being movable longitudinally on the body and the upper' edge of said shoe being exposed to the liquid above it. Y

n Witness that I claim the foregoing l have hereunto Subscribed my naine this l0 day of March, 1923.

JOHN A. BAKER. 

